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JEE MAINS 2024
25.01.23
Question
Assume that the earth is a solid sphere of uniform density and a tunnel is dug along its diameter throughout the earth. It is found that when a particle is released in this tunnel, it executes a simple harmonic motion. The mass of the particle is 100 g. The time period of the motion of the particle will be (approximately) (take g = 10 ms–2, radius of earth = 6400 km)
Select the correct option:
A
24 hours
B
1 hour 24 minutes
C
1 hour 40 minutes
D
12 hours
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Incorrect. Try again or view the solution.
Solution
Sol. Let at some time particle is at a distance x from centre of Earth, then at that position field $$ E=\frac{G M}{R^3} x $$ ∴ Acceleration of particle $$ \begin{aligned} & \quad \vec{a}=-\frac{G M}{R^3} \vec{x} \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \omega=\sqrt{\frac{G M}{R^3}}=\sqrt{\frac{g}{R}} \\ & \text { Now } T=\frac{2 \pi}{\omega}=\pi \sqrt{\frac{R}{g}} \\ & \Rightarrow \quad T=2 \times 3.14 \times \sqrt{\frac{6400 \times 10^3}{10}} \\ & \quad \quad=2 \times 3.14 \times 800 \mathrm{sec} \approx 1 \text { hour } 24 \text { minutes } \end{aligned} $$
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