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JEE Main 2024
06-04-2024 S2
Question
A wire of cross sectional area A, modulus of elasticity $2 \times 10^{11} \mathrm{Nm}^{-2}$ and length 2 m is stretched between two vertical rigid supports. When a mass of 2 kg is suspended at the middle it sags lower from its original position making angle $\theta=\frac{1}{100}$ radian on the points of support. The value of A is
$\_\_\_\_$ $\times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~m}^2$ (consider $\mathrm{x} \ll \mathrm{L}$ ).
(given : $g=10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$ )
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Solution

In vertical derection
2T sin = 20
using small angle approximation $\sin \theta=\theta$
$ \begin{aligned} & \theta=\frac{1}{100} \\ & \therefore \quad T=\frac{10}{\theta} \\ & \quad T=1000 N \end{aligned} $
$ \text { Change in length } \Delta \mathrm{L} \quad \begin{aligned} & =2 \sqrt{\mathrm{x}^2+\mathrm{L}^2}-2 \mathrm{~L} \\ & =2 \mathrm{~L}\left[1+\frac{\mathrm{x}^2}{2 \mathrm{~L}^2}-1\right] \\ \Delta \mathrm{L} & =\frac{\mathrm{x}^2}{\mathrm{~L}} \end{aligned} $
$ \begin{aligned} & \therefore \text { Modulus of elasticity }=\frac{\text { stress }}{\text { strain }} \\ & 2 \times 10^{11}=\frac{10^3}{\mathrm{~A} \times \frac{\mathrm{x}^2}{\mathrm{~L}}} \times 2 \mathrm{~L} \\ & \therefore A=1 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~m}^2 \end{aligned} $
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