True or False:

“The statement S1['b':'d'] will produce the same result as S1[1:3].”

Answer and Solution

False Label-based slicing includes the end label, so S1['b':'d'] returns the three elements b, c and d. Positional slicing excludes the end position, so S1[1:3] returns only b and c.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. COUNT() B. SIZE() C. LENGTH() D. TOTAL()

Answer and Solution

C. LENGTH() LENGTH() returns the number of characters stored in a string value. COUNT() counts rows, not characters.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Copyright

B. Trademark

C. Patent

D. Software License

Answer and Solution

C. Patent A patent protects an invention. Copyright protects original creative work and a trademark protects a brand name, logo or symbol.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. label_y()

B. ylabel()

C. yaxis_name()

D. set_y()

Answer and Solution

B. ylabel()

plt.ylabel() sets the Y-axis label, just as plt.xlabel() sets the X-axis label.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Repeater B. Router C. Modem D. Switch

Answer and Solution

C. Modem Modem stands for MOdulator-DEModulator - it modulates digital data into analog form and demodulates it back.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. ALTER B. DROP C. UPDATE D. CREATE

Answer and Solution

C. UPDATE

UPDATE changes the data stored in a table. ALTER, DROP and CREATE change the structure, so they are DDL

commands.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Recycling

B. Refurbishing

C. Reducing

D. Leaching

Answer and Solution

B. Refurbishing Refurbishing restores a used device to working condition so that it can be sold and used again.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

import pandas as pd
print(pd.Series(5, index=[0, 1, 2]))

A. A Series with values 5, 5, 5

B. A Series with value 5 only at index 0

C. A Series with values 0, 1, 2

D. Error

Answer and Solution

A. A Series with values 5, 5, 5 When a scalar value is passed to pd.Series(), that value is repeated for every label in the given index.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

The SQL clause used to filter the groups formed by the GROUP BY clause based on a specific condition is ____________.

Answer and Solution

HAVING

WHERE filters individual rows before grouping; HAVING filters the groups produced by GROUP BY.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Plug-ins B. Add-ons C. Cookies D. Scripts

Answer and Solution

C. Cookies Cookies are small text files stored by a website on the user’s computer to remember preferences and session information.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. DESC B. DOWN C. DSC D. REVERSE

Answer and Solution

A. DESC

ORDER BY sorts in ascending order (ASC) by default; DESC reverses it.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

will be:

A. 0 B. Error C. NaN D. Empty string

Answer and Solution

C. NaN Pandas aligns the two Series on their index labels. A label present in only one Series has no value to add to, so the result is NaN.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Recycle B. Reuse C. Reduce D. Refurbish

Answer and Solution

C. Reduce Reduce means cutting down consumption at the source so that less e-waste is generated in the first place.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. LEFT() B. RIGHT() C. LENGTH() D. MID()

Answer and Solution

D. MID() MID(str, position, n) extracts n characters beginning at the given position. LEFT() and RIGHT() always work from an end of the string.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. header B. sep C. index D. columns

Answer and Solution

C. index to_csv(..., index=False) suppresses the row labels; header=False would instead suppress the column names.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

The process of storing a website on a web server so that it can be accessed over the internet is known as ________.

Answer and Solution

Web hosting (or Hosting) A hosting provider keeps the website files on a server that stays connected to the internet so that users can reach the site at any time.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. WHERE Commission != NULL

B. WHERE Commission IS NOT NULL

C. WHERE Commission <> NULL

D. WHERE Commission NOT NULL

Answer and Solution

B. WHERE Commission IS NOT NULL NULL means ‘unknown’, so it cannot be compared with = , != or <>. The IS NULL / IS NOT NULL operator must be used instead.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

A. Row indices

B. Data values

C. Column labels

D. Positional Index

Answer and Solution

C. Column labels Each dictionary becomes one row; its keys become the column labels and its values become the data in those columns.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

In SQL, the BETWEEN operator is inclusive of both the lower and upper values specified in the range.

Answer and Solution

True BETWEEN a AND b is equivalent to >= a AND <= b, so both boundary values are included.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

Q. 20 and Q. 21 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Choose the correct option as:

A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are True and Reason (R) is the correct explanation for Assertion (A).

B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are True and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation for Assertion

(A).

C. Assertion (A) is True and Reason (R) is False.

D. Assertion (A) is False, but Reason (R) is True.

Answer and Solution

D. Assertion (A) is False, but Reason (R) is True. Assertion (A) is false - with axis=0 the drop() method looks for a row label, so it cannot remove a column. To delete the column the correct statement is df.drop('Science', axis=1). Reason (R) correctly states the meaning of the axis values, and it is in fact the reason why the assertion is wrong.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer.

Assertion (A): In SQL, the query select * from emp; and SELECT * FROM EMP; will produce the same result.

Reason (R): SQL is a case-sensitive language.

Answer and Solution

C. Assertion (A) is True and Reason (R) is False. Assertion (A) is true - SQL keywords are not case-sensitive, so both queries return the same result. Reason (R) is false, because SQL is a case-insensitive language as far as its keywords are concerned.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct answer. Questions 22 to 28

(i) Explain the use of the head() function in a Pandas DataFrame.

(ii) What happens if the parameter n is not specified in the head() function?

OR

(B) Explain the concept of Boolean Indexing in DataFrames. Write a small Python code example to demonstrate it.

Answer and Solution

(A)

(i) The head() function displays the first n rows of a DataFrame.

(ii) If n is not specified in head(), it returns the first 5 rows by default.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct part.

Answer and Solution

(B) Boolean indexing is a technique used to select subsets of data based on the actual values in the DataFrame rather than row/column labels.

Example:
import pandas as pd
data = [

{'Name': 'Aarav', 'Age': 24}, {'Name': 'Priya', 'Age': 30}

]
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df['Age'] > 25)

Output:

0 False 1 True Name: Age, dtype: bool

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct explanation of Boolean indexing. 1 mark for a correct code example.

Answer and Solution

Active digital footprint: An active digital footprint is created when a person intentionally shares or submits information online - for example, posting on social media, filling an online form or sending an e-mail. Passive digital footprint: A passive digital footprint is created when information is collected automatically, often without the user’s knowledge or direct involvement - for example, the IP address logged by a website or the data stored in cookies.

Marking Scheme

2 marks for the correct differentiation (1 mark for each type).

Answer and Solution

Data visualization is the graphical or pictorial representation of data using graphs, charts, etc. Its primary purpose is to visualize variations or show relationships between variables, helping users to infer conclusions that might not be easily visible by looking at raw numerical data.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct definition. 1 mark for stating the primary purpose.

OR

(B) What is VoIP? State any one advantage of using VoIP for communication.

Answer and Solution

(A) In star topology, each node is directly connected to a central controller (hub or switch). Advantage: Failure of one node does not affect the rest of the network.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct definition. 1 mark for one correct advantage.

Answer and Solution

(B) VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol, which allows voice transmission over a computer network rather than traditional telephone lines. Advantage: It is very economical, often free, compared to traditional international calls.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct definition of VoIP. 1 mark for one correct advantage.

(i) Display the last 3 characters of the attribute Ename from the EMPLOYEE table.

(ii) Find the position of the substring 'ma' in the string 'Informatics'.

Answer and Solution

(i)

        SELECT RIGHT(Ename, 3) FROM EMPLOYEE;
(ii)
        SELECT INSTR('Informatics', 'ma');

This query returns 6, because the substring 'ma' begins at the sixth character of 'Informatics'.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct query.

Answer and Solution

Be Ethical: Do not violate copyright laws; always seek permission before using or sharing copyrighted material. Be Respectful: Respect the privacy, opinions and cultural diversity of others, especially in public online forums. (Any two correct guidelines, each with a brief explanation, are acceptable.)

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct guideline with its explanation.

dict1 = {'a': 10, 'b': 20}
dict2 = {'a': 5, 'b': 10, 'c': 20}

Write Python code to create a DataFrame from a list containing the above two dictionaries.

OR

(B) Mention the purpose of read_csv() and explain the use of its sep parameter.

Answer and Solution

(A)

import pandas as pd
dict1 = {'a': 10, 'b': 20}
dict2 = {'a': 5, 'b': 10, 'c': 20}
df = pd.DataFrame([dict1, dict2])
print(df)

The key 'c' is missing from dict1, so the first row stores NaN in column c.

Marking Scheme

2 marks for the correct program.

Answer and Solution

(B) read_csv() is used to load data from a CSV file into a Pandas DataFrame. sep: Specifies the delimiter that separates the values in the file (for example a comma or a semicolon).

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the purpose of read_csv(). 1 mark for the use of the sep parameter. Questions 29 to 32

(i) Mehak receives an SMS from an unknown number stating she has won a lottery. To claim it, she must click a link and enter her Aadhaar number and bank OTP. What type of cybercrime is this?

(ii) A group of people repeatedly post insulting comments and spread rumors about a classmate on a social media platform to distress them. What is this activity called?

(iii) Suggest one Communication Etiquette that should be followed to maintain credibility while participating in an online discussion forum.

Answer and Solution

(i) Phishing - confidential details are being obtained by pretending to be a genuine offer.

(ii) Cyber Bullying - repeated online harassment intended to distress a person.

(iii) Be Credible - post only verified information and use polite, respectful language.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct part.

(i) Write a Python program to create a Pandas Series named Inventory from the following dictionary:
stock = {'Pens': 150, 'Erasers': 80, 'Sharpeners': 60, 'Notebooks': 200}
(ii) Consider two Series S1 and S2:
import pandas as pd
S1 = pd.Series([10, 20], index=['a', 'b'])
S2 = pd.Series([30, 40], index=['b', 'c'])

Write the output of the statement: print(S1 + S2)

OR

(B) Consider a DataFrame df as shown below:

Name IP Maths 0 Arpit 95 88 1 Vani 89 92 2 Chetan 78 80 Write Pandas statements to perform the following actions:

(i) Add a new column 'Total' containing the values [183, 181, 158].

(ii) Rename the 'Name' column to 'Student'.

(iii) Delete the 'Maths' column from the DataFrame.

Answer and Solution

(A)

(i)

        import pandas as pd
        stock = {'Pens': 150, 'Erasers': 80, 'Sharpeners': 60, 'Notebooks': 200}
        Inventory = pd.Series(stock)
        print(Inventory)
(ii) Output:

a NaN b 50.0 c NaN dtype: float64 Only the label 'b' is present in both Series, so only it gets a value (20 + 30 = 50). Labels 'a' and 'c' appear in just one Series each, so the result is NaN.

Marking Scheme

2 marks for the correct program in part (i). 1 mark for the correct output in part (ii).

Answer and Solution

(B)

(i)

        df['Total'] = [183, 181, 158]
(ii)
        df.rename(columns={'Name': 'Student'}, inplace=True)
(iii)
        df.drop(columns=['Maths'], inplace=True)

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct statement.

Column Name Remark PNo Patient Number PName Patient Name Dept Department DOA Date of Admission Table: HOSPITAL PNo PName Dept DOA 101 Ravi Kumar Cardiology 2024-05-12 102 Anita Sharma Neurology 2025-06-01 103 Mohan Das Cardiology 2023-05-18 104 Seema Verma Orthopedics 2022-04-22 105 Rahul Singh Cardiology 2025-03-30 Write SQL queries to perform the following tasks:

(i) Display the names of all patients in the Cardiology department in lowercase.

(ii) Display each patient's number along with the day name of the week on which they were admitted.

(iii) Display the patient names arranged in alphabetical order.

Answer and Solution

(i)

        SELECT LOWER(PName) FROM HOSPITAL WHERE Dept = 'Cardiology';
(ii)
        SELECT PNo, DAYNAME(DOA) FROM HOSPITAL;
(iii)
        SELECT PName FROM HOSPITAL ORDER BY PName ASC;

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct query.

ID Name DOB 1 Aman 2005-08-15 2 Vinod 2006-01-26 3 Saurabh 2004-01-01 Write the output of the following SQL queries:

(i) SELECT UPPER(Name), LENGTH(Name) FROM STUDENT WHERE ID = 2;
(ii) SELECT DAY(DOB), YEAR(DOB) FROM STUDENT WHERE ID = 3;
(iii) SELECT RIGHT(Name, 3) FROM STUDENT WHERE ID = 1;

OR

(B) Write the output of the following SQL queries:

(i) SELECT POWER(MOD(13, 5), 2);
(ii) SELECT UCASE(MID("Digital India", 9, 5));
(iii) SELECT LENGTH(TRIM(" Informatics "));

Answer and Solution

(A)

(i)

UPPER(Name) LENGTH(Name)

VINOD 5

(ii)

DAY(DOB) YEAR(DOB)

1 2004

(iii)

RIGHT(Name, 3)

man

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct output.

Answer and Solution

(B)

(i) 9 MOD(13, 5) = 3 and POWER(3, 2) = 9.

(ii) INDIA MID("Digital India", 9, 5) returns “India”, and UCASE() converts it to upper case.

(iii) 11 TRIM() removes the leading and trailing spaces, leaving “Informatics”, which has 11 characters.

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct output. Questions 33 to 34

following data:

Months: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr'] Sales: [12000, 15000, 11000, 18000] The program should include:

• Code to import the required library.

• Code to plot the line graph with a label “Sales”.

• A title “Sales Performance”.

• Labels for both X-axis (“Month”) and Y-axis (“Amount”).

• Code to display the legend and show the plot.

Answer and Solution

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr']
sales = [12000, 15000, 11000, 18000]
plt.plot(months, sales, label="Sales")
plt.title("Sales Performance")
plt.xlabel("Month")
plt.ylabel("Amount")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

Output produced by the program:

Marking Scheme

1 mark for the correct import. 1 mark for the correct use of plot() with the label. ½ mark for the title. ½ mark for the axis labels. ½ mark for the legend. ½ mark for show().

Table: SPORTS RegNo SName Game Fees 101 Aryan Cricket 500 102 Riya Tennis 600 103 Kabir Cricket 500 104 Ishaan Tennis 600 105 Tejas Football 750 Table: COACH CoachID CName Game C1 Venkatesh Cricket C2 Rameshwar Tennis C3 Sridhar Football Write SQL queries for the following:

(i) Display the Game name and the total fees collected for each game, but only for those games where the total fees exceed 1000.

(ii) Display the Student Name (SName) and their respective Coach Name (CName).

OR

(B) Consider the following tables:

Table: Employee EmpID Name DeptID Salary 301 Aarav D1 5200 302 Riya D2 7500 303 Kabir D2 6800 304 Ananya D3 4000 305 Ishaan D1 4900 Table: Department DeptID DeptName D1 HR D2 IT D3 Sales Write the output of the following SQL queries:

(i) SELECT DeptID, COUNT(*), MAX(Salary) FROM Employee
    GROUP BY DeptID HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 ORDER BY DeptID;
(ii) SELECT Name, DeptName FROM Employee, Department
    WHERE Employee.DeptID = Department.DeptID AND Employee.Salary > 6000;

Answer and Solution

(A)

(i)

        SELECT Game, SUM(Fees) FROM SPORTS
        GROUP BY Game HAVING SUM(Fees) > 1000;
(ii)
        SELECT SName, CName FROM SPORTS, COACH
        WHERE SPORTS.Game = COACH.Game;

Marking Scheme

2 marks for the correct query in part (i). 2 marks for the correct query in part (ii).

Answer and Solution

(B)

(i) DeptID COUNT(*) MAX(Salary) D1 2 5200 D2 2 7500 D3 has only one employee, so it is removed by HAVING COUNT(*) > 1.

(ii) Name DeptName Riya IT Kabir IT Only Riya (7500) and Kabir (6800) earn more than 6000, and both belong to department D2 (IT).

Marking Scheme

2 marks for the correct output of part (i). 2 marks for the correct output of part (ii). Questions 35 to 37

Tech-Innovate Pvt Ltd is a leading technology solutions provider renowned for delivering innovative digital services to clients worldwide. The company operates from a spacious campus comprising four blocks: Block A, Block B, Block C, and Block D. Campus layout (not to scale). To ensure smooth communication, centralized data storage, and high-speed connectivity across the campus, the organization plans to set up a structured network connecting all blocks. The following tables provide the distances between the blocks and the number of computers in each block. From To Distance (meters) Block A Block B 40 m Block A Block C 50 m Block A Block D 160 m Block B Block C 70 m Block B Block D 60 m Block C Block D 120 m Block Number of Computers Block A 25 Block B 60 Block C 15 Block D 150 As a network engineer, answer the following questions based on the details given above:

(i) Suggest the most suitable block to install the server. Justify your answer.

(ii) What type of network (PAN, LAN, MAN, or WAN) will be formed within the campus?

(iii) Suggest the placement of a Switch with suitable justification.

(iv) The company wants to host a website where clients can log in and see real-time project updates. Should they develop a Static or a Dynamic website? Why?

(v) Identify between which blocks a repeater is needed and justify your answer.

Answer and Solution

(i) Block D. It is the most suitable because it has the maximum number of computers (150), so network traffic to the server is kept lowest.

(ii) LAN (Local Area Network). The distance is within a single campus / limited area.

(iii) Switch: Every block (A, B, C and D) should have a switch, to connect the multiple computers within that block.

(iv) Dynamic Website. Since it involves user logins and real-time data updates from a database, a dynamic site is required.

(v) Between Block A and Block D, and between Block C and Block D, because a repeater is needed where the distance exceeds about 100 m for Ethernet (A-D is 160 m and C-D is 120 m).

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct part.

(i) Create a DataFrame named StoreDF as shown below using dictionary of series:

Items Quantity Unit_Price 0 Bread 50 30 1 Milk 100 25 2 Eggs 120 6 Write suitable Pandas statements to perform the following operations:

(ii) Add a new row containing data [Butter, 40, 55].

(iii) Display values of Items column only.

Answer and Solution

(i)

        import pandas as pd
        data = {
        'Items': pd.Series(['Bread', 'Milk', 'Eggs']),
        'Quantity': pd.Series([50, 100, 120]),
        'Unit_Price': pd.Series([30, 25, 6])
        }
        StoreDF = pd.DataFrame(data)
        print(StoreDF)
(ii)

StoreDF.loc[3] = ['Butter', 40, 55]

(iii)

print(StoreDF['Items'])

Marking Scheme

3 marks for the correct program in part (i). 1 mark for the correct statement in part (ii). 1 mark for the correct statement in part (iii).

Table: BOOK BookID Title Author Price 201 Wings of Fire A P J Abdul Kalam 350 202 The Guide R. K. Narayan 299 203 The God of Small Things Arundhati Roy 399 204 Malgudi Days R. K. Narayan 280 Write SQL commands for the following tasks:

(i) Insert a new record into the table with the values: 205, The White Tiger, Aravind Adiga, 350.

(ii) Update the Price of the book with BookID 202 to 325.

(iii) Delete the records of all books written by 'R. K. Narayan'.

(iv) Add a new column Publisher of type VARCHAR(30) to the table.

(v) Drop the table BOOK from the database.

OR

(B) Consider a table named PRODUCT, which contains the following columns: PCode, PName, Category, Qty, Price, ExpiryDate. The columns are described as follows:

Column Description PCode A unique code assigned to each product. PName The name of the product. Category The category or type of the product. Qty The available quantity of the product. Price The unit price of the product. ExpiryDate The expiration date of the product. Write SQL queries for:

(i) Display PName and its Price rounded to one decimal place.

(ii) Display the names of products that end with the letter 's'.

(iii) Display the PName and Category of those products whose Price is less than or equal to 500.

(iv) Display the total quantity of all products.

(v) Display PName after removing leading spaces only.

Answer and Solution

(A)

(i)

        INSERT INTO BOOK VALUES (205, 'The White Tiger', 'Aravind Adiga', 350);
(ii)
        UPDATE BOOK SET Price = 325 WHERE BookID = 202;
(iii)
        DELETE FROM BOOK WHERE Author = 'R. K. Narayan';
(iv)
        ALTER TABLE BOOK ADD Publisher VARCHAR(30);
(v)

DROP TABLE BOOK;

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct SQL command.

Answer and Solution

(B)

(i)

        SELECT PName, ROUND(Price, 1) FROM PRODUCT;
(ii)
        SELECT PName FROM PRODUCT WHERE RIGHT(PName, 1) = 's';
(iii)
        SELECT PName, Category FROM PRODUCT WHERE Price <= 500;
(iv)
        SELECT SUM(Qty) FROM PRODUCT;
(v)
        SELECT LTRIM(PName) FROM PRODUCT;

Marking Scheme

1 mark for each correct query.